Did you miss any part of IACP 2019 or want to re-watch a workshop? Select workshop sessions are posted here as a member-only benefit. Watch the videos below.

Did you miss any part of IACP 2019 or want to re-watch a workshop? Select workshop sessions are posted here as a member-only benefit. Watch the videos below.

The mission of this IACP working group is to create a best practices guideline for law enforcement agencies that do not have a dedicated vehicle crimes investigator. The material here-in will provide them with the resources necessary to better investigate vehicle related crime. The IACP Vehicle Crimes Committee has created a concise and comprehensive “Educational Toolkit for Vehicle Crimes Investigation".

RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police accepts, acknowledges, supports, and uses the following definition of community policing: “Community policing is a comprehensive philosophy that guides policy and strategy aimed at achieving more effective and efficient crime control, reduced fear of crime, improved quality of life, and improved police services and police legitimacy through a proactive reliance on community resources that seeks to change crime causing conditions. This assumes a need for greater accountability of police, elected community leaders, and the community in general, along with greater public share in decision-making through the identification of service needs and priorities and a greater concern for civil rights and liberties.”2

Submitted by: Community Policing Committee

Co-Sponsored by: Communications & Technology Committee, Crime Prevention Committee, Education & Training Committee, Forensics Committee, Committee on Homeland Security, Human & Civil Rights Committee, Juvenile Justice & Child Protection Committee, Narcotics & Dangerous Drugs Committee, Police Administration Committee, Private Sector Liaison Committee, Police Professional Standards Ethics & Image Committee, Research Advisory Committee, Terrorism Committee, Transnational Crime Committee, Victim Services Committee

COM.01.19

 1 Lodewijk G. Moor et al., “Restorative Practices within Community Oriented Policing, or Meeting the Needs of the Officer on the Beat.” Journal of Police Studies 11 (2009): 7-19, and in Restorative Policing, eds. Lodewijk G. Moor et al. (Antwerp, BE: Maluk, 2009); Robert R. Friedmann and William J. Cannon, “Homeland Security and Community Policing: Competing or Complementing Public Safety Policies,” Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management 4, no. 4 (2007): Article 2.

2 Robert R. Friedmann, Community Policing: Comparative Perspectives and Prospects (New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 1992).

WHEREAS, the September 2015 edition of the Police Chief magazine1 was dedicated to recognizing “Great Ideas” in the policing profession. One of the ideas recognized was collective efficacy or applying comprehensive community engagement strategies and systems (ACCESS); and

WHEREAS, the theory of collective efficacy was first described by Professor Robert J. Sampson, former chair of the Department of Sociology at Harvard University in 1997. He coined the phrase “collective efficacy” as a result of his research in Chicago in the 1990s; and

WHEREAS, this criminological theory is rooted in established theories of crime emanating from the Chicago School of Sociology from the 1920s and 1930s that focus on socioeconomic factors, residential stability, neighborhood differences, and racial and ethnic diversity; and

WHEREAS, collective efficacy is defined as building relationships with residents and communities to the point that they are willing to intervene in certain situations (e.g., by calling the police, watching out for their neighbors and each other). Collective efficacy also means that residents have strong ties with their neighbors socially and economically and are invested in their neighborhoods; and

WHEREAS, ACCESS is critical to community policing because it plays a pivotal role in building trust and acknowledges that citizens assist police in preventing crime; and

WHEREAS, ACCESS builds emotional and social connections within neighborhoods and creates a sense of belonging and high social cohesion. Neighborhoods with cultural and regional differences should be acknowledged because their connectivity to each other may differ from other neighborhoods; and

WHEREAS, principles of ACCESS are associated with lower crime rates.2 Research shows that neighborhoods with high collective efficacy and community engagement have lower rates of violent crime and people with elevated levels of social cohesion experience less fear of crime; and

WHEREAS, police increase ACCESS by building relationships with community members through one-on- one conversations; spending time with children and families to gain their trust; and interacting with neighbors in parks, recreation centers, and at other events; and

WHEREAS, police can bring residents together to encourage interaction and networking that lead to trust building within neighborhoods. Now, therefore, be it

RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), will hereby support the overall concept of ACCESS and with appropriate review, may support training workshops at annual conferences and other meetings; encourage the use of research-based implementation strategies by its members; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the IACP recommends that its members foster understanding and promote dialogue of ACCESS within the policing profession to strengthen community-police trust.

Submitted by: Crime Prevention Committee

Co-Sponsored by: Community Policing Committee

CPC.02.19

1 Craig Uchida and Beau Thurnauer,“The Crucial Role of Collective Efficacy in Data-Driven Crime Prevention Policies,” Police Chief 82, no. 9 (September 2015): 24.

2 Robert J. Sampson, Stephen W. Raudenbush, and Felton Earls, “Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy,” Science 277, no. 5328 (August 1997): 918–924.

WHEREAS, emergency response plans and the language used within them are critically important to how emergency and all hazard incidents are responded to. Common principles upon which all protocols should be based, and the key elements such protocols must include, should be congruent between the schools and police to prevent any confusion on the type of incident police are responding to; and

WHEREAS, the distinct environments individual school stakeholders operate in and the limited resources available to them creates a challenge to develop identical protocols. It is imperative to standardize the language used within the protocols as language that is universally recognized by all police services and describes the type of response required from police in such tragic incidents of violence;1 and

WHEREAS, private sector organizations that design their own protocol using terminology that is unique to the personnel employed by such an institute without consulting with police agencies, creates an increasing risk of harm and continued uncertainty for police when they are responding to unrecognized emergency terminology when in fact it may actually be a “lockdown”;2 and

WHEREAS, at the root of effective school-police partnerships is a common understanding of each partner’s roles and responsibilities, as well as agreed-upon procedures and clearly delineated decision- making authority. Providing a safe school community is a shared responsibility that requires a commitment to collaboration, cooperation, and effective and consistent communication. Now, therefore, be it

RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), will hereby take actions to encourage their respective members’ governing and regulatory bodies to standardize the language within school-police emergency response protocols as defined by the National Incident Management System (NIMS); and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the IACP recommends a consistent approach to communication in the local protocols developed by school boards and police services transnationally to promote dialogue and the establishment and maintenance of effective relationships between schools and police based on cooperation and shared understandings.

Submitted by: Crime Prevention Committee

Co-Sponsored by: Private Sector Liaison Section, Juvenile Justice & Child Protection Committee, Transnational Crime Committee, and Community Policing Committee

CPC.03.19

1 Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services, Provincial Model for a Local Police/School Board Protocol (Ontario, Canada, 2015), http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/document/brochure/protocol/locprote.pdf.

2 Unpublished interview (Emergency Response Language, Ontario, Canada), July 24, 2019.

WHEREAS, a critical function of law enforcement is to solve crimes, especially those of a violent nature; and

WHEREAS, community support and confidence in law enforcement are crucial to positive public safety outcomes; and

WHEREAS, DNA technology has become a vital tool in the criminal justice community for solving crimes, prosecuting the guilty, and exonerating the innocent; and

WHEREAS, private companies will now analyze DNA samples from private individuals at their request to provide a range of services; and

WHEREAS, such services have become increasingly popular, and have therefore created an opportunity for partnership with law enforcement to generate leads and solve crimes; and

WHEREAS, law enforcement has followed through on this opportunity and sent DNA samples from violent crime scenes to these companies; and

WHEREAS, this practice has led to the successful resolution of a significant number of crimes and the solving of several cold case murders, including the arrest of the “Golden State Killer”; and

WHEREAS, genetic genealogy, therefore, has enormous potential benefits for public safety, the clearing of innocent parties, and the provision of justice to victims’ families; and

WHEREAS, law enforcement is aware that concerns have been raised about the privacy of this practice, despite the presence of court oversight and the absence of demonstrated instances of abuse; and

WHEREAS, some companies have responded to these concerns cautiously by requiring an active decision by customers to allow access to their data, thus limiting the use of the information by law enforcement; and

WHEREAS, law enforcement understands these concerns but believes that they can be addressed through extensive dialogue between the interested parties. Now, therefore, be it

RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police urges genealogy companies to engage with law enforcement in a productive dialogue about controls; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that any changes in the relationship between law enforcement and genealogy companies be thoughtful and collaborative with a focus on the balance between privacy and serving victims and survivors of crime, and exonerating the innocent; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police urges consideration of legislation as necessary to support and enable the use of this investigative technique with a focus on victims and survivors of crime, and exonerating the innocent, including consideration of privacy protections and limitation of civil liability; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police foster a continued environment of trust and partnership with the genealogy companies.

Submitted by: Forensics Committee

Co-sponsored by: Police Investigative Operations Committee, CJIS Committee, Public Sector Liaison Section, Victim Services Committee, Human & Civil Rights Committee, and Communications & Technology Committee

FOR.04.19

WHEREAS, over 600,000 individuals go missing in the United States every year, with as many as 85,000 active missing person cases open at any given time, and it is estimated that 4,400 unidentified bodies are recovered each year, with approximately 1,000 of those bodies remaining unidentified after one year; and

WHEREAS, the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs)1 is the national information clearinghouse and resource center to support missing, unidentified, and unclaimed person cases, and the NamUs program is used as a comprehensive tool for state and local law enforcement agencies and medical examiners and coroners to help resolve these cases; and

WHEREAS, the NamUs program provides international resources for missing or murdered migrants, and provides the ability to include relevant data and case information related to the investigation of missing and/or unidentified indigenous persons cases to address the number of missing and murdered American Indian and Alaska Native men and women; and

WHEREAS, as of October 1, 2019, since being reported to NamUs, 18,563 missing person cases and 3,955 unidentified person cases have been resolved, and there are currently 16,696 open/active missing person cases and 12,989 open/active unidentified person cases published in the NamUs database; and

WHEREAS, the NamUs program is managed and administered by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and brings together people, information, forensic science, and technology to help resolve missing and unidentified person cases across the United States, with all NamUs resources and services provided at no cost through funding by the NIJ; and

WHEREAS, through NamUs, NIJ provides comprehensive support and technical assistance to state and local law enforcement agencies, including analytical support and data mining, forensic services (such as DNA, fingerprint coding and examination, dental examination and coding, and anthropological assessments), technology upgrades, user training, and victim services; and

WHEREAS, NamUs professional user registration is provided for law enforcement, medical examiners and coroners, and other allied professionals sponsored by criminal justice agencies to allow access to sensitive case data, and NamUs Regional Program Specialists monitor and validate new case information to protect sensitive information, prevent fraud, and improve case management; and

WHEREAS, NamUs provides public user registration to family members of missing persons, victim advocates, media representatives, and other members of the general public to enter new missing person cases, contribute relevant information to  NamUs, and view and search  non-sensitive information  in NamUs; and

WHEREAS, the NamUs program is a powerful investigative tool that enables agencies to better manage, share, and compare case information to help resolve cases, foster better communication, and work more effectively with the public and stakeholder partners across tribal, local, state, and federal jurisdictions. Now, therefore, be it

RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police recommend and promote the routine use of the NamUs program in the United States or other similar programs with global reach, such as the INTERPOL Notices program, to help resolve missing and unidentified persons cases; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, the International Association of Chiefs of Police recommends that state and local law enforcement agencies support agency activities to gain the maximum benefit from the NamUs program, such as facilitating professional user access to NamUs, entering missing person case information to the NamUs database in a timely manner, and support the use of NamUs resources; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police recommends that NIJ’s resources be maintained at sufficient levels to enable the continued federal support for this program and to assist state and local law enforcement agencies nationwide to utilize the NamUs program and its services and to enter cases and provide biometric samples.

Submitted by: Forensics Committee

Co-Sponsored by: Police Investigative Operations Committee, Victim Services Committee, Communications & Technology Committee, Criminal Justice Information System Committee, Juvenile Justice & Child Protection Committee, and Indian Country Law Enforcement Section

FOR.05.19

1 National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (website), https://www.namus.gov/.

WHEREAS, immigration laws have been long established by federal or national law in countries across the globe, and most law enforcement officers swear an oath to uphold the laws of their nations; and

WHEREAS, immigration laws are primarily enforced by the federal or national law enforcement agencies of the country tasked with this as their mission to enhance national security; and

WHEREAS, it is important that federal and national law enforcement agencies receive the full support of all law enforcement agencies regardless of the level of government to protect their communities and countries from infiltration by foreign terrorist and criminal elements; and

WHEREAS, immigration enforcement is a complex and challenging issue for communities and the police agencies that serve them, and public trust is the cornerstone of contemporary policing and is today critically important for policing efforts in a community to be successful; and

WHEREAS, law enforcement executives recognize that criminal enforcement of immigration law could have a chilling effect on community cooperation in reporting crime or assisting in criminal investigations; and

WHEREAS, law enforcement executives at all levels are likely the most knowledgeable about public safety concerns in the communities they serve; and

WHEREAS, the scope and extent of state, tribal, and local law enforcement participation in the enforcement of criminal violations of federal immigration law is inherently a local decision but should not conflict with any existing federal or state criminal law or regulation; and

WHEREAS, operational awareness and deconfliction with local authorities during all enforcement operations are imperative to ensure there is not a negative effect on public or officer safety; and

WHEREAS, the safety of all law enforcement officers is a paramount responsibility of all law enforcement agencies, and it is crucial that all law enforcement officers respond to requests for emergency assistance from any law enforcement personnel in the performance of their sworn duties. Now, therefore, be it

RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police fully supports the rule of law and the role of federal or national law enforcement agency partners tasked with immigration enforcement as their primary mission and recognizes the responsibility of all state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies to come to their aid in any officer safety situation; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the IACP also supports the position that non-federal enforcement of criminal violations related to immigration law is a decision best made by local, state, and tribal police executives in collaboration with elected officials, community leaders, and the citizens they serve.

Submitted by: Committee on Homeland Security and Transnational Crime Committee

Co-sponsored by: Narcotics & Dangerous Drugs Committee

HOM.06.19

WHEREAS, officer safety is a top priority among law enforcement officials at every level of government. With more than 800,000 sworn officers throughout the United States, it is essential that law enforcement agencies continue to enhance coordination efforts and share information by integrating event deconfliction into agency operations; and

WHEREAS, event deconfliction is a necessary component for ensuring the safety of law enforcement officers and citizens; and

WHEREAS, event deconfliction enhances law enforcement efforts, helps to ensure case integrity, and increases information sharing; and

WHEREAS, event deconfliction is the process of determining whether law enforcement personnel are conducting an enforcement action (for example, a raid, an undercover operation, or surveillance) unknowingly in proximity to one another during a specified time period; and

WHEREAS, there are currently three nationally recognized event deconfliction systems that are designed such that, prior to an event, they will identify and provide immediate notification to personnel of potential conflicts with other law enforcement actions; and

WHEREAS, improving event deconfliction between and among agencies and helping to safeguard officers and improve information sharing; and

WHEREAS, event deconfliction supports and benefits agency personnel and public safety—including agency leadership, commanders, task force supervisors, detectives, investigators, analysts, line officers, and citizens; and

WHEREAS, upon identification of the appropriate event deconfliction system, agency personnel should contact either their regional RISS Center or HIDTA Center to obtain access. Now, therefore, be it

RESOLVED, to implement systematic deconfliction into agency operations, agencies should utilize one of the three nationally recognized event deconfliction systems; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that agencies should partner with other law enforcement agencies in their jurisdictions, regions, and states and advocate for the use of an event deconfliction system; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that agencies should support training for agency personnel on how to use the event deconfliction system; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that agencies should incorporate the use of the event deconfliction system into their policies and procedures; and be it

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) acknowledges that event deconfliction is most effective if all law enforcement agencies participate in event deconfliction.

Submitted by: Individual Member

IDV.09.19