Reducing Force, Reducing Injuries: Saint Paul's Evidence-Based Shift to Leverage Control

This brief discusses how comprehensive, evidence-based training on both physical tactics and communication and teamwork can meaningfully reduce use of force severity, injuries to officers and suspects, and agency liability.
Adapted from Huff, J., Zauhar, S., & Agniel, D. (2024). From pain compliance to leverage-based control: Evidence of reduced use of force severity and injuries following police training. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 18, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1093/police/paae037
IACP's Evidence-to-Action Hub is your go-to resource for fast, accessible, and actionable summaries of research designed for immediate use by police executives, command staff, and practitioners.
