CRIT Initiative TTA

The Crisis Response and Intervention Training (CRIT) Initiative provides training and technical assistance (TTA) to communities that seek to enhance their approaches to crisis response involving people with behavioral health conditions and intellectual and developmental disabilities.
The Initiative
For officers, responding to individuals with behavioral health conditions, including mental health and substance use, and intellectual and developmental disabilities in a safe, effective manner can often present a challenge.
The CRIT Initiative provides a variety of resources, including the 40-hour Crisis Response and Intervention Training curriculum designed to prepare police officers in their response to people experiencing crises related to behavioral health conditions and intellectual and developmental disabilities. This training is based on the Memphis Model of Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training and is designed to complement the development and delivery of crisis response programs planned by police agencies, behavioral health service providers, and disability service providers in the community.
CRIT's overall philosophy is based on officer safety, the public's safety, and diversion from the criminal justice system when possible. The goals of the curriculum include:
- Expanding officers' knowledge of mental health conditions, substance use disorders, and intellectual and developmental disabilities
- Creating connections with people with lived experience
- Enhancing officers' awareness of community resources
- Emphasizing the de-escalation of crises
- Supporting officer safety and wellness
The International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), along with partners including the Arc's National Center for Criminal Justice and Disability, Policy Research Associates, The National Policing Institute, and American Correctional Association, serves as the training and technical assistance (TTA) provider to grantees of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), Office of Justice Programs (OJP), and Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA)'s Collaborative Crisis Response and Intervention Training Program (CRIT). CRIT grantee agencies plan, develop, or enhance training programs to improve crisis response and intervention for people in crisis.
CRIT Grantee Site Map
Grantee Site Profiles
The Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) provides funding to selected grantee sites to support CRIT. This program supports partnerships with mental health, substance use disorder, and community service agencies to provide appropriate and effective responses to individuals in crisis who have behavioral health conditions, intellectual and developmental disabilities, or physical disabilities and to achieve safe outcomes for all members of the community.
FY21 CRIT Sites
Allegheny County, PA
Allegheny County's Department of Human Services is partnering with Allegheny Jail on its Collaborative Crisis Response Training Program to help correctional officers improve interactions with individuals with behavioral health conditions and disabilities by developing and implementing the CRIT curriculum, tailored to the specific needs of the county jail.
Boulder, CO
The City of Boulder Police Department (BPD) and the Housing and Human Services Department are partnering to develop the Response to Behavioral Health Crises (RBHC) program. The RBHC expands trauma-informed approaches to individuals experiencing behavioral health crises by building upon the existing Crisis Intervention Response Team. This program, enhanced with the CRIT curriculum, increases BPD's training quality and removes barriers caused by limited openings in regional CIT training.
Charleston, SC
The Charleston Police Department's (CPD) behavioral health response model focuses on hiring mental health and peer recovery specialists and enhancing their CIT training to improve responses to individuals suffering from behavioral health conditions. This program targets gaps in CPD's crisis intervention and support services.
Craighead County, AR
The Craighead County Crisis Intervention Response Initiative is a partnership between the Craighead County Sheriff's Office and Arisa Health Systems to focus on improving public safety responses and outcomes for individuals with mental health conditions or co-occurring substance use disorders who encounter the justice system through the implementation of their CIT Team. This initiative aims to promote effective strategies for police and the incorporation of mental health professionals in police agencies to assist officers during encounters with people in mental health crises using a co-response model.
Cumberland County, NJ
The Cumberland County Prosecutor's Office is focusing on improving interactions between police officers and individuals with mental health conditions or co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders by implementing co-responder programs that pair plainclothes police officers with mental health clinicians to respond together to behavioral health crisis calls for service.
Doña Ana County, NM
The Doña Ana County Sheriff's Office (DAS) is launching a Crisis Response Training Program for their agency to provide CIT training to all deputies on how to best respond to calls that may involve an individual having a behavioral health crisis and connect them to services.
Jefferson County, AL
The Jefferson County Sheriff's Office (JCSO) is partnering with local mental health providers, the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), CIT chapters, and their community to deliver training deputies on specialized skills for responding to and helping people experiencing behavioral health crises through the CIT National Training Program. JCSO's goal is to refer individuals to proper community resources to divert them from incarceration.
Joliet, IL
The Joliet Police Department's (JPD) project builds trust between police and the community. Officers and dispatchers are provided CIT training addressing communication, chronic and persistent mental health conditions, substance use, suicide risks, and other essential topics. A comprehensive mental health component is provided to all other employees. The local mental health provider works cooperatively with JPD to coordinate referrals, using a licensed clinical social worker to conduct initial assessments and supervise other staff members conducting case management.
Lancaster County, NE
Lancaster County is enhancing the Lincoln Police Department's (LPD) existing training through the CRIT curriculum. These topic enhancements include crisis de-escalation, intellectual and developmental disabilities, and case scenarios. Lancaster is also implementing a mobile crisis team program.
Los Angeles, CA
The Los Angeles Police Department's (LAPD) Mental Health Evaluation Unit, in collaboration with the Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, is developing Mental Health Intervention Training for Investigators, an in-person and online transdisciplinary crisis response training on mental health and case management strategies involving persons who may have a mental health condition or intellectual and developmental disabilities. The course incorporates best practices from CIT, Disability Response, Co-Response, Case Management, and other response models. This course is also available on the LAPD University mobile application as an interactive online course.
Madison County, TN
The Madison County Sheriff's Office (MCSO) partnered with the National Alliance on Mental Illness of Tennessee to establish a training program that will more effectively equip first responders to assist individuals undergoing a mental health crisis across ten rural police agencies.
Mobile, AL
The Mobile Police Department (MPD) in collaboration with community partners, including AltaPointe Health, is developing a collaborative crisis response program addressing the needs of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, behavioral health conditions, or physical disabilities who require police intervention through the 911 system. MPD is implementing Crisis Intervention and Response Team training by incorporating subject matter experts from the local community in mental health, development and intellectual disabilities, veteran's services, peer and family experiences, and others to facilitate community collaborations.
Trenton, NJ
The New Jersey Department of Corrections (NJDOC), in partnership with Rutgers University Behavioral Health Care, is developing and adapting training through the CRIT curriculum to enhance officer crisis response, advancing the promotion of civil rights under the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990). Specifically, the NJDOC Office of Training seeks to improve positive outcomes in the interactions between officers and inmates with disabilities, including behavioral health conditions, intellectual and developmental disabilities, and substance use disorders.
Norton Shores, MI
The Norton Shores Police Department (NSPD) is improving its response to individuals experiencing a crisis due to mental health conditions or co-occurring mental health conditions and substance use disorder. NSPD provides CIT training to officers and develops community response to crises where individuals in crisis are connected to community partners for efficient and appropriate outcomes. In partnership with a mental health services provider, HealthWest, NSPD is also implementing a co-responder program.
Ottawa County, MI
The Ottawa County Sheriff's Office's (OCSO) Justice Mental Health Collaboration initiative builds on existing partnerships between police, providers of mental health services, and other community partners for ongoing interagency strategic planning and information sharing to create a more just, collaborative, and effective response to people experiencing mental health crises in Ottawa County, OCSO and Community Mental Health of Ottawa County have formed a multidisciplinary mental health unit for co-response and providing CIT training to patrol staff.
Rapid City, SD
The Rapid City Police Department (RCPD), in collaboration with the Rapid City Fire Department and other stakeholders, aims to increase alternative crisis response, appropriate diversion from jail or emergency room admission, and the identification of and focused assistance to high-frequency utilizers of the emergency response system. RCPD and their partners created a multidisciplinary team approach to respond to individuals in crisis based on community-wide CIT modeling for training and responses. This team includes embedded behavioral and mental health specialists, clinicians, and street outreach teams.
Salisbury, MD
The Salisbury Police Department (SPD) project trains police and mental health providers to respond together and integrate their co-responder program. Training includes police, fire, EMS, homelessness coordinators, and community stakeholders helping them better understand each other's roles. The program focuses on developing best practices for responding to calls for service involving individuals with mental health conditions and intellectual and developmental disabilities.
Springfield, IL
The Springfield Police Department (SPD), collaborating with Memorial Behavioral Health, is implementing the Crisis Response Network (CRN) to improve the outcomes for individuals via a co-response team that will de-escalate and provide on-scene counseling services. The CRN model provides linkage to services to assist in the reduction of unnecessary healthcare expenses, jail diversion, follow-up services, and improved quality of life for those affected by mental illness. CIT officers will also receive training on the role of the mental health worker, how the co-responder program will assist officers, and procedures for after-hours responses for the officer and mental health worker.
Suffolk County, NY
The Suffolk County Police Department (SPD), with the Family Service League, their mental health partner, is developing a collaborative mental health crisis response program that targets preliminarily qualified offenders. The program promotes public safety and public health by implementing a 911 Call Diversion Program and developing a mental health collaborative to reduce recidivism among high-frequency utilizers of police services who have a mental illness or co-occurring mental illness and substance use.
Tarrant, AL
The Tarrant Police Department (TPD) is implementing a Crisis Response and Prevention Training Program that provides targeted crisis intervention skills training and develops procedures concerning mental and behavioral health. The program focuses on building community trust and promoting positive interactions with police. Activities under this project seek to build partnerships between TPD and local mental and behavioral health agencies.
Tuscaloosa, AL
The Tuscaloosa Police Department is building a fully formed CIT Unit with 20-30 percent of front-line officers trained to the CIT standard. The overall project goal is to train patrol officers in the West Alabama area, and later throughout the state, to promote effective CIT in all areas impacting the region’s mental health catchment network.
FY22 CRIT Sites
Albany County, WY
The Albany County Sheriff’s Office’s Collaborative Crisis Response and Intervention Training Program supplements and enhances the existing CIT training offered to police agencies in the county. This project addresses key gaps in providing deputies and police with CIT training in rural Albany County, WY.
Bexar County, TX
The Bexar County Office of Criminal Justice’s CRIT Program is conducting a programmatic analysis of the training needs for community supervision officers (pre-trial services and adult probation), correctional/detention officers in the county jail, and ancillary criminal justice stakeholders. The program aims to provide CRIT training customized for the correctional setting.
Greensboro, NC
The Greensboro Police Department (GPD) created the Greensboro Police Behavioral Health Response Program to respond to incidents involving people experiencing mental health crises. This program includes six officers trained to specialize in this type of response. This program is extending this CIT training to all officers in the department and the training academy, incorporating CIT as a part of GPD’s culture.
Michigan
Michigan State Police (MSP) is collaborating with the Michigan Crisis Intervention System, an established training provider for first responder crisis response affiliated with Western Michigan University’s Homer Stryker, MD, School of Medicine, and the Community Mental Health Association of Michigan. MSP is implementing a data-driven approach to develop and deliver a comprehensive CRIT program to every MSP post across Michigan.
Milwaukee, Wi
The Milwaukee Police Department, in partnership with Milwaukee County Behavioral Health Services, is developing an advanced CIT training program to equip police officers to better identify and respond to behavioral health calls for service. The training aims to reduce police use of force, divert individuals from the criminal justice system, and reduce involuntary admissions to Milwaukee County Mental Health.
Montgomery, AL
The City of Montgomery’s Office of Crime Prevention, the Montgomery Police Department, the Montgomery Area Mental Health Authority, and the Alabama Department of Mental Health are partnering to deliver crisis intervention and de-escalation training in policing agencies as a part of the Montgomery Thrive plan. The goal of the program is to train police personnel and others to respond humanely to individuals with mental health conditions through referrals for proper evaluation and treatment to the Montgomery Area Mental Health Authority Crisis Intervention Center. This effort strengthens community safety, reduces health disparities, and increases trust in policing services.
Pima County, AZ
Pima County’s Department of Justice Services, partnering with the Pima County Sheriff’s Department and Tucson Police Department, is implementing the Southern Arizona Crisis Intervention Team Training Project to expand, professionalize, and transform a well-established inter-agency initiative. The new CIT conducts self-assessment activities, develops new curriculum components, and trains new and existing trainers. The enhanced program focuses on best practices to address and prevent disparate outcomes of police encounters based on race, ethnicity, experiences of homelessness, mental health disorders, developmental disabilities, and substance use disorders.
Salt Lake City, UT
Salt Lake County’s Unified Police Department’s (UPD) Metro Mental Health Unit plans to develop a new training program to enhance the State of Utah’s current curriculum with CIT. The Metro Mental Health Unit’s goal is to train UPD officers and other police agencies throughout Salt Lake County.
Texas
The Texas Department of Criminal Justice’s Training and Leader Development Division (TLDD) provides training in behavioral health, intellectual and developmental disabilities, and crisis intervention using evidence-based strategies and recognized best practices. The TLDD is utilizing the CRIT curriculum and the Forensic Assertive Community Treatment curriculums to meet this project’s goals.
FY23 CRIT Sites
Colorado
The Colorado Department of Corrections (CDOC) Training Academy and Parole Division plans for, develops, and implements a training program for correctional and parole officers based on the CRIT curriculum. The purpose is to ensure that CDOC correctional and parole officers have the proper training and knowledge to deliver appropriate responses during interactions with individuals in crisis, including individuals with behavioral health conditions, substance use disorders, and intellectual and developmental disabilities.
Louisville, KY
The Louisville Metro Department of Corrections (LMDC) uses CRIT to develop training focusing on knowledge of behavioral health conditions and intellectual and developmental disabilities to improve its staff’s de-escalation skills. The program seeks to strengthen cultural awareness in the corrections profession and improve correctional officer wellness and resiliency by providing jail employees access to behavioral health resources and stress management training and promoting a healthy work-life balance. LMDC partnered with the Louisville Bounce Coalition, a local organization that educates and trains to build resiliency for individuals and families.
Memphis, TN
The City of Memphis’ Crisis Assessment and Response to Emergencies (CARE) Team is a collaborative partnership between the Memphis Fire Department (MFD), the Memphis Police Department’s Crisis Intervention Team, and Alliance Healthcare Services. The CARE Team includes a specially trained MFD community paramedic, a CIT police officer, and a master’s level mental health assessor. To continue enhancing its CARE program, MPD is partnering with the University of Memphis School of Social Work to conduct a full program assessment. MPD is also enhancing its current crisis response training using CRIT, focusing on intellectual and developmental disabilities, substance use, and other disabilities.
New York City
The New York City Department of Corrections (NYDOC) is expanding and enhancing its current CIT capabilities by equipping correction officers with skills and tools to respond safely to crises involving people in custody. The Department of Corrections' Health Affairs Division is developing a strategic plan to address the need for enhanced CIT intervention. The NYDOC anticipates an improvement in safety during correctional staff encounters with people experiencing a mental health crisis, improved correctional staff knowledge of mental health, the strategic use of correctional staff during crises, and an increase in the number of trained CIT staff who can respond to crisis throughout the respective facilities.
Prince George County, MD
The Prince George County’s Department of Corrections’ (PGDOC) Development, Education, and Training (DET) section has adapted CIT training modules to address specific needs in the jail. PGDOC aims to expand its CIT training to include all staff who have direct contact with arrestees and detainees and offer the training to other regional correctional facilities. Community partners include Bowie State University, a historically Black university, Autism FYI, Mental Health First Aid, Inc., and the National Alliance on Mental Illness.
Seattle, WA
The City of Seattle Community Safety and Communications Center (CSCC) launched its Civilian Assisted Response and Engagement (CARE) pilot program, which consists of diverse behavioral health professionals dispatched to non-emergency calls to reduce the burden on police and respond to the increasing mental health crises. To enhance the CARE pilot, the CSCC collaborates with community partners and stakeholders to develop a training program for CSCC utilizing CRIT. The project also involves a client records management database to improve client interaction outcomes and data-sharing efforts.
Washington
The Washington State Department of Corrections’ Breathwork for Improved Crisis Response and Intervention program is implementing a pilot project to study the effectiveness of evidence-based, therapeutic techniques for correctional officers to improve their overall health and ability to self-regulate when interacting with individuals with mental health conditions or co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders.
FY24 CRIT Sites
Colorado
The Colorado Department of Public Safety (DPS) seeks to enhance collaboration between law enforcement and Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) through joint training initiatives, addressing a critical gap where these two groups seldom train together despite their interdependence during crisis response. The DPS is working to adapt the Crisis Response and Intervention Training (CRIT) curriculum to better meet the needs of PSAPs, deliver train-the-trainers in both rural and suburban areas, and establish sustainability plans for ongoing training. The project will be supported by an interdisciplinary team of stakeholders, ensuring alignment with statewide goals to improve outcomes for individuals with behavioral health disorders.
Denver County, CO
The Denver Sheriff’s Office aims to enhance its existing Crisis Intervention Training (CIT) program by rolling out a refined curriculum using BJA’s Crisis Response and Intervention Training (CRIT) and integrating virtual reality training with performance measured through surveys, questionnaires, and use-of-force data. The department seeks to supplement existing resources, ensuring sustainable and improved CIT training for all deputies, with a focus on de-escalation skills and a goal of reducing use-of-force incidents.
Iowa
The Iowa Department of Justice (DOJ) plans to analyze and improve crisis response training for law enforcement across Iowa and to implement a wellness app for officers. The Iowa DOJ plans to assess the state’s current crisis response training and use data collection to develop a plan for enhanced and standardized training program. Additionally, this project focuses on officer wellness by ensuring access to effective mental health support through an app. Consultants will collect data on training effectiveness and app usage, ensuring accurate reporting and evaluation through surveys, interviews, and performance measurement tools.
Madera County, CA
Madera County aims to establish a formalized patrol-based Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) program by integrating law enforcement with mental health providers and community organizations to improve safety and redirect individuals with mental illness from the judicial system to treatment. The program will involve specialized training, partnership building, and data collection to evaluate its effectiveness in enhancing crisis response and reducing trauma.
Sterling Heights, MI
The Sterling Heights Police Department (SHPD) aims to enhance crisis response by developing an in-house Crisis Response and Intervention Training (CRIT) program. This program involves officer reassignment and social worker integration, with focused training development and implementation, and data collection to measure program effectiveness. The SHPD will utilize existing resources and software for data collection, ensuring proper documentation and evaluation of the CRIT program's impact.
New York
The State University of New York (SUNY) at Geneseo aims to enhance its campus police department's crisis response by implementing a specialized CRIT training program tailored to address students with mental health and neurodevelopmental needs. The program will involve collaborative planning, training, and data collection to improve interactions and ensure inclusivity for SUNY’s diverse student population.
Resources
CRIT Initiative
This comprehensive guide from the IACP and the NPI is designed to help law enforcement agencies and their partners plan, implement, and enhance evaluations of crisis response programs and training initiatives.
Academic Training to Inform Police Responses
The Academic Training to Inform Police Responses was a national initiative designed to (1) raise awareness in the policing community about the nature and needs of people with behavioral health conditions and intellectual and developmental disabilities; (2) provide training and resources on behavioral health, intellectual and developmental disabilities, and crisis response; and (3) support the use of evidence-informed, best practices in these responses. Supported by BJA, researchers from the University of Cincinnati (UC) - in collaboration with Policy Research Associates (PRA), The Arc of the United States' National Center for Criminal Justice and Disability (NCCJD), the International Association of Chiefs of Police, and the National Policing Institute (NPI) - worked to assist police agencies in the development and delivery of multi-layered responses to people with behavioral health conditions and intellectual and developmental disabilities.
The initiative produced various resources, including the Crisis Response and Intervention Training (CRIT) curriculum. CRIT includes 18 modules of varying lengths and instructional styles. These modules focus on topical areas such as behavioral health and intellectual and developmental disabilities, community engagement and resources, systems and legal considerations, and scenario-based skills. The complete training matrix can be found here. Additionally, the initiative released expanded content for several modules in early 2025.
- Expanded CRIT Content: Mental Illnesses in Children and Adolescents
- Expanded CRIT Content: Personality Disorders
- Expanded CRIT Content: Legal and Policy Topics, Part 1
- Expanded CRIT Content: Legal and Policy Topics, Parts 2-3
The Initiative recently released a series of videos to aid in the planning and implementation of crisis response programs through Crisis Response and Intervention Training (CRIT). These videos can be viewed here:
- Welcome and Introduction to CRIT
- An Overview for Law Enforcement Executives
- Selecting Instructors to Ensure Effective Training Delivery
- Planning, Delivering, and Debriefing the Family and Peer Perspectives Panel
- Preparing Role-players for De-escalation Scenarios
CRIT is an off-the-shelf training curriculum that can be customized to local needs and is available online at the Crisis Response and Intervention Training (CRIT) Curriculum and Trainers' Toolkit webpage. The CRIT Toolkit includes resources needed to support the coordination and delivery of the training in a police agency. These materials include an instructor guide, evaluation materials, trainer materials and resources, a participant guide, and PowerPoint presentations for each module.
Contact Information
For more information, please contact [email protected] or 1-800-the-IACP.
This project is supported by Grant No. 15PBJA-22-GK-03562-NTCP awarded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA). BJA is a component of the Department of Justice’s Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Office for Victims of Crime, and the SMART Office. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice.
